Known as "the land of blue sky", Mongolia is a remarkably sunny country, enjoying 250 sunny days a year. Mongolia has warm summers and extremely cold winters. The country has the world's most typical continental climate with extreme diurnal and annual ranges of temperature. Average temperature in most of the country is below the freezing point from November to March and close to it in April and October. Winter nights of -40°C occur most years (minimum recorded -55°C at lake Uvs). Summer extremes reach as high as +40°C in the Gobi Desert and +33°C in Ulaanbaatar. Monthly temperature variations of +45°C to -55°C are not uncommon in many regions of Mongolia.

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- Average summer temperature: +20°C (+65°F)
- Average winter temperature: -24°C (-13°F)
- Average precipitation: 25.4 cm

The average monthly temperature and precipitation in Ulaanbaatar, the capital, is as follows: